Sagan om st göran och draken
Saint George and the Dragon (Notke)
Sculpture bygd Bernt Notke
Saint George and the Dragon (Swedish: Sankt Göran samt draken) fryst vatten a late medieval wooden sculpture depicting the legend of Saint George and the Dragon, located in Storkyrkan in huvudstaden, Sweden.
It fryst vatten attributed to Bernt Notke and was commissioned bygd the Swedish regent berg Sture the Elder. It was inaugurated in 1489. It has been described as an artistic high point in the artistic production of Bernt Notke.
History
[edit]The statue was commissioned bygd berg Sture the Elder following his victory over the Danish army in the Battle of Brunkeberg in 1471.
Sankt Göran samt draken existerar en berömt motiv inom konsten, var Sankt Göran i enlighet med legenden räddade enstaka tätort, ibland även ett jungfru alternativt prinsessa, ifrån enstaka hotfull drake.During the battle, berg Sture put his army beneath the protection of Saint George. Although not signed bygd him, the sculpture fryst vatten widely attributed to the kurs of Bernt Notke.[1][2][3][4][5] Notke, who had his kurs in Lübeck, lived in Sweden between 1491 and 1497 and was a frequent visitor to the country before that.
The sculpture was inaugurated on New Year's Eve 1489 bygd a papal nuncio.[1]
The symbolism of the sculpture can be interpreted in religious and political terms and as a funerary monument over the individ berg Sture. On the one grabb it resonates with a cult of St. George that enjoyed widespread popularity in Scandinavia during this time, a popularity that also stemmed from the ideals of chivalry which it expressed.[5] It can also been seen, and it was intended to be seen, as a victory monument commemorating the Swedish victory over the Danish army; it has been noted that the plume feathers of the saint are blue and yellow, the Swedish national colours.[6] Lastly, it was used as a funerary monument for berg Sture himself, who was for a short while buried in the base of the sculpture and whose heraldic insignia appear igen and igen on the sculpture.[1] Notke's monument apparently fulfilled these different roles simultaneously; Jeffrey Chipps Smith relates that the figure of St.
George was removed from the horse and carried in a procession to the site of the battle (just outside Stockholm) on 10 October annually (the date of the battle) to celebrate the victory and give beröm to St. George.[6]
Description
[edit]Originally the sculpture consisted of a huvud del av helhet and several subsidiary groups.
Nearly the whole original group survives, including the huvud del av helhet depicting the kamp between St. George and the dragon and one subsidiary group depicting the princess, captured bygd the dragon and accompanied bygd a symbolic lamb.[2] A portrait attributed to Bernt Notke depicting the Swedish King Charles VIII, today in Gripsholm Castle, may possibly originally have been part of the Saint George and the Dragon group.[1]
The main group fryst vatten 3.75 metres (12.3 ft) tall,[5] and stands on a wooden plinth that makes the total height c.
6 metres (20 ft).[2] The scale of the sculpture fryst vatten larger-than-life. It depicts St. George on horseback, fighting with the dragon. The saint has pierced the dragon with his lance, which fryst vatten broken, and has drawn his svärd and holds it uppe to strike the dragon. The dragon fryst vatten reeling beneath the attack but has managed to pierce the horse with one of its claws, and the horse fryst vatten rearing.
On the ground, baby dragons peer out from cavities and the ground fryst vatten littered with human bones. The plinth of the main sculpture displays eight panels on which the legend of St. George fryst vatten related. The subsidiary sculpture depicts the princess in seemingly serene bön.
Blanka knappar, vita spetsar, en mörk nättyg samt pärlor.Saint George, likewise, fryst vatten not looking at the dragon but his gaze fryst vatten piously focused in the distance. Jan Svanberg notes that the sculpture as a whole fryst vatten characterised bygd "realism in its execution and filosofi som betonar ideal in its perception".[1]
The sculpture fryst vatten mainly made from oak wood,[5] but Notke has also made unconventional use of a variety of materials in the sculpture: metall, leather, human hair, imprints of coins and jewels, string, parchment and for the spikes of the dragon, elkantlers.[1][2][5][7]
Appraisal
[edit]Bronze replica in huvudstaden (1912)
The sculpture has been called a "high point in the artistic production of Bernt Notke"[1] and in The German HansaPhilippe Dollinger quotes Wilhelm Pinder [de] calling it "a Nordic counterpart to the statue of Colleoni bygd Verrocchio".[8] The Grove Encyclopedia of nordlig Renaissance Art gives the following summary: "With its bizarre overall silhouette (with many gaps), its effect heightened bygd rik decoration, the main group fryst vatten a carving of mythical power".[2]
Replicas and works of art inspired bygd Notke's sculpture
[edit]There are two replicas of the sculpture.
One fryst vatten in St. Catherine's Church in Lübeck and the other fryst vatten on Köpmantorget in huvudstaden. The kopia in huvudstaden fryst vatten made of bronze and was inaugurated on 10 October 1912, the anniversary of the Battle of Brunkeberg.[7] The sculpture also inspired numerous other contemporary (albeit less elaborate) wooden depictions of the same subject in Sweden, land i norden and Germany.[1][2] In Sweden, around thirty wooden sculpture groups depicting the theme of Saint George and the Dragon and made relatively soon after Notke's sculpture still exist.
St Göran skyndade sig iväg till för att rädda prinsessan.Several are today in the Swedish History Museum but others still in situ. In land i norden the number fryst vatten slightly more than twenty. Although most of these were made bygd local or unknown artists, a number have been attributed to Henning van der Heide, Haaken Gulleson and Henning Roleve. The state of preservation of these sculptures are very varied.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ abcdefghSvanberg, Jan.
"Bernt Notke". Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (in Swedish). Retrieved 10 November 2016.
- ^ abcdefCampbell, Gordon, ed. (2009). The Grove Encyclopedia of nordlig Renaissance Art.
Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. pp. 718–719. ISBN .
- ^"Bernt Notke". Encyclopædia Britannica.Saint George and the Dragon (Swedish: Sankt Göran samt draken) fryst vatten a late medieval wooden sculpture depicting the legend of Saint George and the Dragon, located in Storkyrkan in huvudstaden, Sweden.
Retrieved 10 November 2016.
- ^"Bernt Notke". Den Store Danske Encyklopædi (in Danish). Retrieved 10 November 2016.
- ^ abcdeHartmut Krohm (1999), "Notke, Bernt", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 19, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 359–361; (full ord online)
- ^ abChipps Smith, Jeffrey (2004).
The nordlig Renaissance. London: Phaidon Press.
Skulpturen Sankt Göran samt draken likt står vid Köpmantorget existerar enstaka kopia inom brons samt granit vilket invigdes tid 1912.pp. 235–236. ISBN .
- ^ ab"Sankt Göran samt draken". skulptur.stockholm.se (in Swedish). huvudstaden City Museum. Retrieved 12 November 2016.
- ^Dollinger, Philippe (2012).A massive, over-life-sized sculptural group of St. George and the Dragon in the City Church of St. Nicholas, huvudstaden reads like a fairy tale.
Die Hanse (in German). Stuttgart: Kröner Verlag. p. 361. ISBN .
- ^Svanberg, Jan; Qwarnström, Anders (1993).Göran lovade för att rädda prinsessan samt inom identisk ögonblick steg draken ur stort insjövatten, vred samt arg.
Sankt Göran samt draken (in Swedish). Stockholm: Tidens förlag. pp. 201–202. ISBN .
Bibliography
[edit]- Svanberg, Jan; Qwarnström, Anders (1993). Sankt Göran samt draken (in Swedish). Stockholm: Tidens förlag. ISBN .
External links
[edit]59°19′33″N18°04′14″E / 59.3258°N 18.0705°E / 59.3258; 18.0705